Electrical apparatus



April 6 1926. v

W. C. DEE

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS Filed July 31 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet l Azz s.

A ril 6, 1926.

W. C. DEE

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 31 Patented 6 1926.

w l TT-E; STA E- .WILLI QIVI C. DEE, OF. CLEVELAND, OHIO.

eenearea w Application filed July 31,

T aZZ 'w/wmc't may concern: 7

Be it knownthat I, VILLIAM C. DEE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of- Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in'Electrical Ap .paratus, of which the following is a specificatlon.

This invention relates tostereoscopic attachments for ;X-ray ma'clnnes.

' One ob ect of the invent on is to provide of the tube.

A further objectofthe invention is to provide apparatus of this ,-kind which enables X-raj photographs to betaken at any desired distance,fwithin limits, from the object and which nevertheless enables the tube to be moved tO ltS twoposltions 1n a s mple manner but with all required accuracy.

A further object of the invention is toena ble the inclination of the raysfrom the focal spot in the tube to the plate to be-exposedor to the surface on which it lies to be varied to correspond with the distanceof the f focal spot from the plate, saidadjustnent being accomplished without afiecting the pupillary' distance-between the two positions of" the tube forthe two exposures.

, Further objects of the. invention are in part obvious and inpart w ll appear more I in detail hereinafter.

Inthe drawings, which represent one embodimentof the invention, 1 is a side elevation of a complete stereoscopic X-ray machine; Fig.2 1s a'side' elevationpon a largerscaleof the X-ray attaehme nt; Fig. (dis a detail slde eLevat on of thebaseor body portion, of saidrattachment, the tube supports being omitted and said view being partly in section on the line 38,Fig. 6; F 4 isv a diagrammatic view, Fig. 5 is a plan 'view of the i stereoscopic attachment;

and Fig. 6 isafront elevation thereoff taking .sterescopic 'JX-ray photographs theobject to be photographed is laid. above j or on the plate tOb Q GXPQSQCl and the X-ray ftubeisplaced above the object at the proper distanee to bring out: the objector portion tllG IjBOi: 111 tlIQ ClGQIQd SIZQ. I in all stereoscopic pictures two exposures'aremadewith simple means H ad ustment. 7

1919. Serial No. 314,532.

1 the object lying in the same position, the

romy tube being shifted laterally between said exposures the pupiilary distance, i. e.,

the distance between average eyes. Referring to Fig. l, A and B represent the two points at. which the tube is located for the two exposures, the distance therebetween being the pupillary distance. When exposures are made with the plate located at various distances from thetube, say at the points X, Y or Z, the angle of inclination to 'each other of the two beams or light from the tube in itstwo positions to the plateincrea ses as the plate is located nearer to the tube. No matter what is the distance of the I piatefrom the tube the two positions of the tube remain the same, as they are always 'separatedby the pupiliary distance;

In prior XL-ray apparatus it has been necessary to not only shift the tube from one posit on to the otherffor the two exposures,

but to also n1ake as" accurately as possible such ad ustment of the tube in said positions as to produce proper inclination ofits beam or ray tothe plate. The present invention, a mon'g other things aims to provide for "producing this necessary .Beferring to the drawings, the apparatus shown includes an X-ray attachment shown 1n 1* 1g. 2 and which 1s des gned for connection 'to' any suitable support, one such support being hereinafter described. 1 indicates theishank or stem of the attachment by which, it is connected to the support.

'This, stein carries a head 2 surrounded by and supporting asplit collar or sleeve 0 forming part of the body, or base lof the attachment. 5A clamp ng sore-W6 is threaded through ears of said sleeve and lies across the split'and'maybe adjusted by its handle 6 to solidlyclanip the. body or base to the shank. nsaidbase is movably" supported the X-ray tube 7, which may be of any suitable form. and requires no special description. This tube is carried by two like yolzes 8 each of which includes two members embracing a reduced portion of the tube. Oneof said members, such as the lower one in Fig. 2, issolidly secured by the screws 9 to the plate portion 10 of a block 11 and is provided with a bolt 12 pivoted to its outer end and ,passingthrough a ring 13 carried by the upper yokemember 14, which is pivoted to the plate 10 at 15. By screwing up the nuts l6 .;the tube may be secured to the two spaced blocks 11. Blocks 11 are provided with car portions to which are pivotally connected at 17 the upper ends of curved links 18, which at their lower ends are pivotally connected at 19 to the base or body 4. The blocks 11 are connected together in any suitable manner to provide relative adjustment therebetween during which adj ustment the yokes S slide on the X-ray tube. The means shown comprises a cylindrical rod 20 provided at its opposite ends with right and left threads 21, threaded into bosses 33 01' the blocks 11. Said rod is provided at one endwith a rigid milled collar 2st for rotating the same and at its opposite end with an indicating disc whose edge travels along the edge of a plate 26 carried by the adjacent block 11. The edge of said plate is provided with indicating marks 27 numbered to represent distances of the object or plate from the focal spot of the X- ray tube.

It is clear that with the foregoing construction the tube is supported by a frame including the yokes 8 and the bar 20 connecting the same, and that this frame can be swung from left to right in Fig. (5, or vice versa, by a sort of parallel ruler motion. In Fig. 6 the frame is in its inter nediate or neutral position, the dotted lines repre senting its extreme left hand position, there being a corresponding right hand position not shown.

Suitable means is provided for definitely determining both the extreme left and extreme righthand positions. The means shown comprises a pair of annular grooves 28 in the rod 20 which cooperate with a locking member 29 carried by an upwardly extending portion 30 of the base or body t. This locking device is in the form of a lever pivoted at 31 and whose rear edge is yieldingly pressed against the rod 20 by a com pression spring 32. The rod 20 may also have an intermediate annular channel 33 for locating and holding the tube in an intermediate neutral position where it is in convenient position for general X-ray work, although this-is not essential.

Let us no assume that the parts are adj usted to the position shown in dotted lines, Fig. (3. In this position the axis oi the tube extends along the inclined line C, which is inclined to the horizontal. Therefore the direction of the rays from the focal spot of the tube to the object is along the line D. In this position the locking lever 29 engages the right hand channel 28. D represents the direction of the X-ray when the tube is shifted to its corresponding extreme right hand position, with the lever 29 engaging the left; end annular groove 28. The grooves 28 are separated by the papillary distance. Consequently the two positions of the tube are separated by the pupillary distance.

The angle of inclination of the lines D, D, is due to the fact that the pivots 1? connecting the links 18 to the blocks 11 are sepa rated by a greater distance than are the two pivots 19 connecting the said links to the base or body -t. Moreover, the angle ot inclination of the lines D, D is varied as the distance between the pivots 17 is varied. Consequently, assuming the tube in one of its extreme positions, rotation of the rod 20 in one direction or the other, separates or causes approach of the pivots '17 and thereby alters the inclination ol" the lines D, D In any of its positions the tube may be adjusted in accordance with the distance oi the tube "from the object or the plate on which it rests.

The stereoscopic attachment may of course be supported in any suitable manner. The drawings show a support generally similar in construction to the one illustrated in my application for electrical apparatus, filed September 19, 1918, Serial No. 25%,780. This support comprises a hollow base 40 in which are located the necessary transformers and other devices for producing and controlling the X-rays. 41 represents a column extending upwardly from said base and to which is hinged at 42 an arm 43. Said arm is provided with a series of diverging outwardly extending posts 4% connected to the arm 43 by the springs 45, said posts at their outer ends being provided with pierced balls 46 through which are led the conductors at? for carrying current to the tube. The outer end of arm 43 is provided with a sleeve t8 rotatable on said arm on a vertical axis, said sleeve being pivotally connected at 19 on a horizontal axis to a curved arm 50 which at its opposite end is pivotally connected at 51 to the shank l of the X-ray attachment. This support enables the X-ray attachment to be shifted around to any desirable position and there held while making the necessary cxposures. Between exposures the tube is shifted from one to the other of its two positions, as before stated, so as to secure the proper stereoscopic efiect.

lVhat I claim is:

1. A stereoscopic attachment for X-ray machines, comprising a suppm'ting member, a tube frame member, two links connecting said members, and means for varying the distance between the points of connection of said links to one of said members. i

2. A stereoscopic attachment for X-rav machines, comprising a supporting member. a tube frame member, two links connecting said members, and means for varying the distance between the points of connection of said links to one of said members, said "frame member being shiftable by link motion to either of two positions separated by the papillary distance.

llU

3. A stereoscopic attachment for X-ray machines, comprising a supporting member, a tube frame member, two links connecting said members, means for varying the distance between the points of connection of said links to one of said members, said frame member being shiftable by link motion to either of two positions separated by the pupillary distance, and means for locking said frame member in either of said positions.

4-. Apparatus for producing stereoscopic,

support for movement in a definite path to either of two positions separated by the pupillary distance, means whereby movement of said frame along said path from one position to the other automatically tilts the tube to cause its substantial beam of rays in said two positions to converge to a point, and adjusting means for varying the tilt ing effect whereby the beams in the two positions may be caused to converge to different points at different distances from the tube.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

WILLIAM C. DEE. 

